Initial commit (a clone of the jsmachines project as of v1.15.3)
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C1Pjs Documentation
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---
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C1Pjs is a JavaScript simulation of the Challenger 1P, an 8-bit 6502-based microcomputer
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manufactured by Ohio Scientific in 1978. The base configuration included 4Kb of RAM and an
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8Kb BASIC-in-ROM from Microsoft. Below is a simulation of the 8Kb model.
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[OSI Challenger C1P](/configs/c1p/machines/8kb/large/debugger/ "C1Pjs:c1p8kb:::debugger")
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More sample [C1P machine configurations](/configs/c1p/machines/) are available, as well as
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information on [customizing and embedding](embed/) your own configurations.
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### Using C1Pjs
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#### Starting the Simulator
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> Press the **RUN** or **BREAK** button to start the C1Pjs Simulator.
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> Press **C** to select a COLD START.
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> At the MEMORY SIZE prompt, press **Return** to use all available memory.
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> At the TERMINAL WIDTH prompt, press **Return** to select the default screen width.
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> Wait for the BASIC "OK" prompt before using the **Load File** button;
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this will allow the Simulator to automatically "LOAD" and "RUN" the selected program.
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> NOTE: The wide margins on the left and right sides of the screen are normal.
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The Challenger 1P's display was organized as 32 rows x 32 columns of text,
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but its video circuitry lacked a "guard band" feature, which meant that only
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about 24 characters per line, and 24 total lines, in the center of the screen
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could be seen on a typical television monitor. As a result, the ROMs avoided
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drawing outside a 24x24 area. In the window above, the top 4 and bottom 4 rows
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are automatically cropped, but the left and right sides are not, because I
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eventually want to patch the ROMs to enable 32 characters per row.
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#### Typing in the Simulator
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> The C1P normally uses only upper-case characters and expects its SHIFT-LOCK key to be locked,
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so the Simulator initially locks it, independent of your CAPS-LOCK key.
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> The C1P keyboard lacks characters found on modern keyboards such as ~ and \_.
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Unsupported keys are simply ignored.
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> Characters can be erased using the **DELETE** key instead of the documented **SHIFT-O**.
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For each character that's erased internally, an underscore is displayed.
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> Lines can be erased using the **@** key instead of the documented **SHIFT-P**.
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> The BASIC power operator can be typed using the **^** key instead of the documented **SHIFT-N**;
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for example, typing "PRINT 5^2" should display "25".
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> RUN and LIST commands can be aborted by pressing **CTRL-C**, unless the current program has
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disabled BASIC keyboard polling. Use the BASIC command "POKE 530,0" to re-enable BASIC keyboard polling,
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or press **BREAK** and then **W** for a WARM START.
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> Pressing **CTRL-O** disables input echo until it is pressed again;
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presumably this feature was added to prevent the display of passwords or other sensitive information.
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> If the Simulator is not responding to any keys, try clicking on the black display area to restore focus;
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if all else fails, press **BREAK** and then **W** for a WARM START.
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#### Operating Tips
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> ##### Using The Control Panel
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> > Press the **Run** button to start the Simulator; it will change to **Halt** while running.
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> > Press the **Step** button while the simulated CPU is halted to execute a single instruction;
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hold the **Step** button to step through multiple instructions.
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> > Press the **Reset** button to halt and reset the simulated CPU; screen memory will be erased,
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but all other memory will be preserved, permitting a WARM START.
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> > Press the **Load File** button to load the selected BASIC program into the simulated cassette device;
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the Simulator will attempt to automatically "LOAD" and "RUN" the selected program.
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> > Alternatively, use the BASIC "LOAD" command to begin loading a program from the simulated cassette device.
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Press the spacebar at the end of the "LOAD" operation to restore keyboard control.
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> > Press the **Load Disk** button to mount the selected disk image into the simulated floppy disk drive;
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press **BREAK** and then **D** to boot from the image and load the OS-65D operating system.
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> ##### Using The Debugger
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> > A built-in Debugger is provided as part of the Control Panel.
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> > Type **?** and then **Enter** to display the list of Debugger commands.
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> > The instruction frequency ("f") and history ("p") commands collect data only while the CPU is
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running (not stepping) and one or more breakpoints have been set; set a dummy execution breakpoint
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(eg, "bp 0") to enable collection.
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> ##### Controlling The Speed
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> > The default speed of the simulated CPU is roughly 1Mhz, or one million simulated CPU cycles per second.
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> > Press the **FAST** button to allow the Simulator to run as fast as possible; press **SLOW** to return to
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the default speed of 1Mhz.
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> > Slow computers, as well as browsers with slow JavaScript interpreters, may not be able to achieve 1Mhz operation;
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in those situations, the speed controls will have no effect.
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### Embedding
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> Want to embed the C1Pjs Simulator on your own web page? Everything you need to know is explained [here](embed/).
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You can even launch multiple simulations on a single page; check out the C1P "Server Array"
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[demo](/configs/c1p/machines/8kb/array/).
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### Implementation
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> This computer simulation was written in JavaScript, in part to test the performance limits of web-based applications.
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The result was one of the **fastest** JavaScript implementations of a 6502-based computer simulation on the web.
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> This application uses XML to define the machine architecture, XSLT to transform the XML into HTML, and JavaScript
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to implement the simulation and bind it to the various HTML elements. The C1Pjs screen is implemented using the HTML5
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<canvas> element, so the application requires a browser that supports HTML5.
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> This application was tested with current versions of Safari, Firefox, Chrome and Internet Explorer. Somewhat less
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current versions will probably work as well, with the exception of Internet Explorer, which did not add support for
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the <canvas> tag until IE9.
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### Challenger 1P Reference Manuals
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