api doc update
This commit is contained in:
Frater
parent
6ca65924c7
commit
c5510b619f
4 changed files with 301 additions and 32 deletions
32
doc/API.md
32
doc/API.md
|
|
@ -4,34 +4,6 @@ Le système utilise plusieurs macro *GFX*,*GUI*, etc pour appeler les fonctions
|
|||
|
||||
Les arguments sont passés sur la pile (Convention C : dernier argument empilé en premier, nettoyage par l'appelant géré par la macro).
|
||||
|
||||
* [CGA](/doc/CGA.md) controleur graphique
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## BDA (Bios Data Area) Custom
|
||||
|
||||
Le projet utilise une extension de la BDA standard IBM PC.
|
||||
|
||||
Segment BDA Standard : 0x0040 (comme nous appelons le bios VGA, il faut garder cet espace "libre")
|
||||
|
||||
Segment Données Custom : 0x0050 (Défini par BDA_DATA_SEG).
|
||||
|
||||
## Structure des données (BDA 0x0050)
|
||||
|
||||
Les structures sont définies dans bda.asm.
|
||||
|
||||
OFFSET 0x0000 (Mouse) : État de la souris, coordonnées (x,y), buffer d'arrière-plan.
|
||||
|
||||
OFFSET 0x0034 (Gfx) : Position courante du curseur texte, modes d'affichage.
|
||||
|
||||
## Mapping Mémoire Global :
|
||||
|
||||
0000:0000 : IVT (Interrupt Vector Table)
|
||||
|
||||
0040:0000 : BDA Standard
|
||||
|
||||
0050:0000 : Variables Drivers (Souris, Gfx)
|
||||
|
||||
0800:0000 : Stack (0x8000 - 0x18000 approx) ou Code (selon boot.asm).
|
||||
|
||||
B800:0000 : VRAM CGA.
|
||||
* [CGA](/doc/CGA.md) : controleur graphique CGA
|
||||
|
||||
* [MEMORY MAP](/doc/MEMORY_MAP.md) : Plan de la mémoire
|
||||
111
doc/MEMORY_MAP.md
Normal file
111
doc/MEMORY_MAP.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
|
|||
# Memory Map / Cartographie Mémoire
|
||||
|
||||
## 🇬🇧 English
|
||||
|
||||
### Physical Memory Layout (Real Mode)
|
||||
|
||||
The processor starts in Real Mode, addressing 1 MB of memory.
|
||||
|
||||
| Physical Start | Physical End | Size | Description | Segment | Source File |
|
||||
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|
||||
| **`0x00000`** | **`0x003FF`** | 1 KB | **IVT** (Interrupt Vector Table) | `0x0000` | `boot.asm` / `generic.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x00400`** | **`0x004FF`** | 256 B | **BDA** (BIOS Data Area) Standard | `0x0040` | `common/bda.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x00500`** | **`0x005FF`** | ~256 B | **Custom BDA** (Driver Data) | `0x0050` | `common/bda.asm` |
|
||||
| ... | ... | ... | *Free / Reserved* | | |
|
||||
| **`0x08000`** | **`0x09FFF`** | 8 KB | **Stack Bottom** | `0x0800` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x0A000`** | **`0x0AFFF`** | ~4 KB | **GUI RAM** (Widget Allocation) | `0x0A00` | `gui/lib.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x0B000`** | **`0x17FFE`** | ~52 KB | **Stack Top** (Grows downwards) | `0x0800` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
| ... | ... | ... | *Conventional RAM Free* | | |
|
||||
| **`0xB8000`** | **`0xBFFFF`** | 32 KB | **VRAM** (CGA / MCGA) | `0xB800` | `drivers/gfx_cgam.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0xC0000`** | **`0xDFFFF`** | 128 KB | **Option ROMs** (e.g., VGA BIOS) | `0xC000` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
| ... | ... | ... | *System Reserved* | | |
|
||||
| **`0xF0000`** | **`0xFFFFF`** | 64 KB | **System BIOS ROM** (Code) | `0xF000` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
|
||||
### Detailed Zones
|
||||
|
||||
#### Interrupt Vector Table (IVT)
|
||||
* **Location**: `0000:0000`
|
||||
* **Usage**: Interrupt pointer table (256 entries of 4 bytes).
|
||||
* **Initialization**:
|
||||
* `ivt_setup` fills the table with a default handler (`default_isr`).
|
||||
* `ivt_setvector` installs specific IRQs (e.g., Timer on `INT 08h`).
|
||||
|
||||
#### BIOS Data Area (BDA)
|
||||
The project separates the standard IBM BDA from its own variables to avoid conflicts with the VGA BIOS loaded at `0xC000`.
|
||||
|
||||
* **Standard BDA (`0040:0000`)**: Used mainly by the VGA BIOS (loaded via QEMU) to store video modes (`0x0049`) and column count (`0x004A`).
|
||||
* **Custom BDA (`0050:0000`)**: Defined by `BDA_DATA_SEG`. Stores driver states:
|
||||
* **Mouse**: Input buffer, status, coordinates, background buffer (for cursor).
|
||||
* **Gfx**: Text cursor position, attributes.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Stack & GUI RAM
|
||||
* **Stack**: Segment `0x0800`, SP `0xFFFE`. Grows downwards from physical address `0x17FFE`.
|
||||
* **GUI RAM**: Segment `0x0A00` (Physical `0x0A000`).
|
||||
* **Layout**: The GUI RAM sits at the "bottom" of the stack segment's physical range, but since the stack starts at the top (`0x17FFE`) and grows down, there is approximately **56 KB** of safe space before collision.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Video RAM (CGA High-Res)
|
||||
* **Segment**: `0xB800`
|
||||
* **Mode**: 640x200 Monochrome (1 bit per pixel).
|
||||
* **Organization**: Interleaved.
|
||||
* **Even Lines (0, 2, 4...)**: Offset `0x0000` - `0x1F3F` (Bank 0).
|
||||
* **Odd Lines (1, 3, 5...)**: Offset `0x2000` - `0x3F3F` (Bank 1).
|
||||
|
||||
#### ROM
|
||||
* **Option ROMs (`0xC0000`)**: Scanned by `setup_load_rom` to initialize the VGA BIOS.
|
||||
* **System ROM (`0xF0000`)**: Contains the compiled binary code. The Reset Vector is at `0xFFFF0`.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 🇫🇷 Français
|
||||
|
||||
### Cartographie Mémoire Physique (Mode Réel)
|
||||
|
||||
Le processeur démarre en mode réel, adressant 1 Mo de mémoire.
|
||||
|
||||
| Adresse Physique (Début) | Adresse Physique (Fin) | Taille | Description | Segment | Fichier Source |
|
||||
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|
||||
| **`0x00000`** | **`0x003FF`** | 1 Ko | **IVT** (Interrupt Vector Table) | `0x0000` | `boot.asm` / `generic.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x00400`** | **`0x004FF`** | 256 o | **BDA** (BIOS Data Area) Standard | `0x0040` | `common/bda.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x00500`** | **`0x005FF`** | ~256 o | **Custom BDA** (Données Drivers) | `0x0050` | `common/bda.asm` |
|
||||
| ... | ... | ... | *Mémoire Libre / Réservée* | | |
|
||||
| **`0x08000`** | **`0x09FFF`** | 8 Ko | **Bas de la Pile** (Stack Bottom) | `0x0800` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x0A000`** | **`0x0AFFF`** | ~4 Ko | **GUI RAM** (Allocation Widgets) | `0x0A00` | `gui/lib.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0x0B000`** | **`0x17FFE`** | ~52 Ko | **Haut de la Pile** (Stack Top) | `0x0800` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
| ... | ... | ... | *RAM Conventionnelle Libre* | | |
|
||||
| **`0xB8000`** | **`0xBFFFF`** | 32 Ko | **VRAM** (CGA / MCGA) | `0xB800` | `drivers/gfx_cgam.asm` |
|
||||
| **`0xC0000`** | **`0xDFFFF`** | 128 Ko | **Option ROMs** (ex: VGA BIOS) | `0xC000` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
| ... | ... | ... | *Réservé Système* | | |
|
||||
| **`0xF0000`** | **`0xFFFFF`** | 64 Ko | **System BIOS ROM** (Code) | `0xF000` | `boot.asm` |
|
||||
|
||||
### Détails des Zones
|
||||
|
||||
#### Interrupt Vector Table (IVT)
|
||||
* **Emplacement** : `0000:0000`
|
||||
* **Usage** : Table des pointeurs d'interruption (256 entrées de 4 octets).
|
||||
* **Initialisation** :
|
||||
* `ivt_setup` remplit la table avec un handler par défaut (`default_isr`).
|
||||
* `ivt_setvector` installe les IRQ spécifiques (ex: Timer sur `INT 08h`).
|
||||
|
||||
#### BIOS Data Area (BDA)
|
||||
Le projet sépare la BDA standard IBM de ses propres variables pour éviter les conflits avec le BIOS VGA chargé en `0xC000`.
|
||||
|
||||
* **BDA Standard (`0040:0000`)** : Utilisée principalement par le BIOS VGA (chargé via QEMU) pour stocker les modes vidéo (`0x0049`) et le nombre de colonnes (`0x004A`).
|
||||
* **Custom BDA (`0050:0000`)** : Définie par `BDA_DATA_SEG`. Stocke l'état des drivers :
|
||||
* **Souris** : Buffer d'entrée, état, coordonnées, buffer de sauvegarde du fond (pour le curseur).
|
||||
* **Gfx** : Position du curseur texte, attributs.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Stack & GUI RAM
|
||||
* **Stack** : Segment `0x0800`, SP `0xFFFE`. Grandit vers le bas depuis l'adresse physique `0x17FFE`.
|
||||
* **GUI RAM** : Segment `0x0A00` (Physique `0x0A000`).
|
||||
* **Organisation** : La RAM GUI se trouve "en bas" de la plage physique du segment de pile, mais comme la pile commence tout en haut (`0x17FFE`) et descend, il y a environ **56 Ko** d'espace libre avant collision.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Video RAM (CGA High-Res)
|
||||
* **Segment** : `0xB800`
|
||||
* **Mode** : 640x200 Monochrome (1 bit par pixel).
|
||||
* **Organisation** : Entrelacée (Interleaved).
|
||||
* **Lignes Paires (0, 2, 4...)** : Offset `0x0000` à `0x1F3F` (Bank 0).
|
||||
* **Lignes Impaires (1, 3, 5...)** : Offset `0x2000` à `0x3F3F` (Bank 1).
|
||||
|
||||
#### ROM
|
||||
* **Option ROMs (`0xC0000`)** : Espace scanné par `setup_load_rom` pour initialiser le BIOS VGA.
|
||||
* **System ROM (`0xF0000`)** : Contient le code binaire compilé. Le Vecteur de Reset est situé à `0xFFFF0`.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue