Debugging Notes === Checkpoint --- This code: F000:F9E9 B000 MOV AL,00 F000:F9EB E620 OUT 20,AL triggers the following warning: notice: PIC0(0x20): unsupported OCW2 automatic EOI command: 0x00 and the very next instruction: F000:F9ED E6A0 OUT A0,AL triggers the same warning: notice: PIC1(0xA0): unsupported OCW2 automatic EOI command: 0x00 Checkpoint --- There's a loop at F000:B5AA that stores 0x4000 DWORDs into RAM (ie, 64Kb), where each DWORD is a single-bit left rotation of the preceding DWORD. This is followed by another loop that loads each DWORD and verifies that it contains the appropriate bit. Then a stack is set up in RAM (at 0030:0100) and the first CALL is issued: F000:BC2E E87DEC CALL A8AE There's some CMOS I/O activity, serial and parallel port I/O, more CMOS I/O, and then some EGA I/O. When arrive here: C000:016D B80700 MOV AX,0007 C000:0170 CD10 INT 10 and we complain that the IDTR limit for the real-mode IDT isn't 0x3FF (it's been set to 0xFFFF instead). That may be OK, but I need to verify that that's what the ROM intended. If it is, then I'll probably need to change our assertion from "cpu.addrIDTLimit == 0x03FF" to "cpu.addrIDTLimit >= 0x03FF". Checkpoint --- The BIOS now progresses as far as F000:F747 (PUSH GS).