More VT100 groundwork
This commit is contained in:
Jeff Parsons
Jeff Parsons
parent
5b376917e3
commit
c8f5357689
11 changed files with 162 additions and 14 deletions
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@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ PC8080 Machine Configurations
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The following 8080-based machines are currently available:
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* [8080 Exerciser](exerciser/)
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* [Space Invaders (1978)](invaders/)
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* [8080 Exerciser Test Machine](exerciser/)
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* [DEC VT100 Terminal](vt100/)
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59
devices/pc8080/machine/vt100/README.md
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59
devices/pc8080/machine/vt100/README.md
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@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
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---
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layout: page
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title: VT100 Terminal
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permalink: /devices/pc8080/machine/vt100/
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machines:
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- type: pc8080
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id: vt100
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debugger: true
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---
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VT100 Terminal
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--------------
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This is where we'll be testing another 8080-based machine: a VT100 Terminal. Unlike other VT100 emulations,
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this will simulate a VT100 by running the terminal's original firmware inside the [PC8080](/modules/pc8080/) CPU emulator.
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As described in the [Technical Manual (July 1982)](http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/dec/terminal/vt100/EK-VT100-TM-003_VT100_Technical_Manual_Jul82.pdf),
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p. 4-15, 8Kb (0x2000) of ROM is located at 0x0000, and 3Kb (0x0C00) of RAM immediately follows it at 0x2000.
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[vt100romhax](http://vt100romhax.tumblr.com/post/90697428973/the-vt100-memory-map-and-8080-disassembly)
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(aka [phooky](https://github.com/phooky)) further explains VT100 memory usage:
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Start End Size Description
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0x0000 0x1fff 8K Basic ROM
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0x2000 0x2012 18B Blank lines for refresh (6 x 3B)
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0x2012 0x204f 61B Stack area (grows down from 0x204e)
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0x204f 0x22d0 641B Scratch Pad/Setup Area(?)
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0x22d0 0x2c00 2352B Screen RAM
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Normally, the PC8080 Video component allocates its own video buffer, based on the specified buffer address
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(*bufferAddr*) and other dimensions (eg, *bufferCols* and *bufferRows*), but the VT100 is a little unusual:
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it has a custom video processor that uses DMA to request character data from any region of RAM, one line at a time.
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It always defaults to address 0x2000 for the first line of character data, but each line terminates with 3 bytes
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containing line attributes and the address of the next line, so the location of subsequent lines will vary,
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depending on the following line attributes:
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* Single-width characters (80 or 132 columns)
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* Double-width characters (40 or 66 columns)
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In addition to single vs. double width, line attributes can also specify double height (along with whether the
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top half or bottom half of the character should be displayed).
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The VT100 screen displays 800 dots per horizontal scan, and a total of 240 horizontal scans,
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so for optimum scaling, we define our own screen using multiples of those dimensions (currently 1600x480),
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and by default, it uses a 10x10 character cell, so the default display dimensions are 80 columns by 24 rows.
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In light of the above, the [machine XML file](machine.xml) must set the Video component's *bufferRAM* property
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to "true", indicating that existing RAM should be used, and a new property, *bufferFormat* must be set to "vt100",
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enabling support for the VT100's line data format; eg:
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<ram id="ram" addr="0x2000" size="0x0C00"/>
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<video id="video" screenWidth="1600" screenHeight="480" bufferAddr="0x2000" bufferRAM="true" bufferFormat="vt100" bufferCols="80" bufferRows="24" ...>
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{% include machine.html id="vt100" %}
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VT100 Resources
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---------------
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[VT100 Publications](/pubs/dec/vt100/)
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20
devices/pc8080/machine/vt100/machine.xml
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20
devices/pc8080/machine/vt100/machine.xml
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@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/versions/pc8080/1.23.2/machine.xsl"?>
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<machine id="vt100" class="pc8080" border="1" pos="center" background="#FAEBD7">
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<name pos="center">VT100 Terminal</name>
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<computer id="computer" busWidth="16"/>
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<cpu id="cpu8080" model="8080" cycles="2000000" autoStart="true"/>
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<rom id="rom" addr="0x0000" size="0x2000" file="/devices/pc8080/rom/vt100/VT100.json"/>
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<ram id="ram" addr="0x2000" size="0x02D0"/>
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<video id="video" screenWidth="1600" screenHeight="480" smoothing="false" bufferAddr="0x22D0" bufferRAM="true" bufferFormat="vt100" width="40%" pos="left" padding="8px">
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<menu>
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<title>VT100 Screen</title>
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<control type="container" pos="right">
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<control type="button" binding="fullScreen" padleft="8px;line-height:1em">Full Screen</control>
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</control>
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</menu>
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</video>
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<keyboard id="keyboard"/>
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<panel ref="/devices/pc8080/panel/left.xml"/>
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<debugger id="debugger" commands="s 8086"/>
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</machine>
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@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ for each ROM in the machine; eg:
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The project currently contains the following 8080-based ROMs:
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* [8080 Exerciser Tests](exerciser/)
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* [DEC VT100](vt100/)
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* [Space Invaders (1978)](invaders/)
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* [DEC VT100 Terminal](vt100/)
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ The above PCB chip locations correspond to the following [DEC ROM](/devices/roms
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* E45: [23-033E2.bin](https://web.archive.org/web/20140723115846/http://www.dunnington.u-net.com/public/DECROMs/23-033E2.bin)
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* E40: [23-034E2.bin](https://web.archive.org/web/20140723115846/http://www.dunnington.u-net.com/public/DECROMs/23-034E2.bin)
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And sure enough, concatenating those DEC ROM four dumps produces a perfect match for Trammell Hudson's
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And sure enough, concatenating those four DEC ROM dumps produces a perfect match for Trammell Hudson's
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[VT100.bin](http://trmm.net/images/2/20/VT100.bin).
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The VT100 also used one 2Kb character generator ROM, which is stored in [23-018E2.json](23-018E2.json).
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@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ if (NODE) {
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* screenRotate: the amount of counter-clockwise screen rotation required (eg, -90 or 270)
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* aspectRatio (eg, 1.33)
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* bufferAddr: the starting address of the frame buffer (eg, 0x2400)
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* bufferRAM: true to use existing RAM (default is false)
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* bufferFormat: can be set to anything, but the only recognized format is currently "vt100"
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* bufferCols: the width of a single frame buffer row, in pixels (eg, 256)
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* bufferRows: the number of frame buffer rows (eg, 224)
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* bufferBits: the number of bits per column (default is 1)
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@ -96,6 +98,8 @@ function Video(parmsVideo, canvas, context, textarea, container)
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this.cyScreen = parmsVideo['screenHeight'];
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this.addrBuffer = parmsVideo['bufferAddr'];
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this.fUseRAM = parmsVideo['bufferRAM'];
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this.sFormat = parmsVideo['bufferFormat'];
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this.cxBuffer = parmsVideo['bufferCols'];
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this.cyBuffer = parmsVideo['bufferRows'];
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this.nBitsPerPixel = parmsVideo['bufferBits'] || 1;
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@ -212,6 +216,10 @@ function Video(parmsVideo, canvas, context, textarea, container)
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Component.subclass(Video);
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/*
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* TODO: Use of these overlay colors should be limited to machine's that require/request them (ie, Space Invaders),
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* using an additional parmsVideo property.
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*/
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Video.COLORS = {
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OVERLAY_TOP: 0,
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OVERLAY_BOTTOM: 1,
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@ -237,14 +245,18 @@ Video.prototype.initBus = function(cmp, bus, cpu, dbg)
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/*
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* Compute the size of the frame buffer and allocate.
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*/
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this.sizeBuffer = ((this.cxBuffer * this.nBitsPerPixel) >> 3) * this.cyBuffer;
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if (this.bus.addMemory(this.addrBuffer, this.sizeBuffer, Memory.TYPE.VIDEO)) {
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/*
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* Compute the number of cells and initialize the cell cache.
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*/
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this.nCellCache = this.sizeBuffer >> 1;
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this.nPixelsPerCell = (16 / this.nBitsPerPixel)|0;
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this.initCache();
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if (!this.fUseRAM) {
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this.sizeBuffer = ((this.cxBuffer * this.nBitsPerPixel) >> 3) * this.cyBuffer;
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if (this.bus.addMemory(this.addrBuffer, this.sizeBuffer, Memory.TYPE.VIDEO)) {
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/*
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* Compute the number of cells and initialize the cell cache; note that sizeBuffer is a number of
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* bytes, whereas nCellCache is a number of 16-bit words (aka shorts) because we fetch memory 16 bits
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* at a time during screen updates.
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*/
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this.nCellCache = this.sizeBuffer >> 1;
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this.nPixelsPerCell = (16 / this.nBitsPerPixel)|0;
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this.initCache();
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}
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}
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/*
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@ -1003,6 +1003,18 @@
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<xsl:otherwise>0</xsl:otherwise>
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</xsl:choose>
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</xsl:variable>
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<xsl:variable name="bufferRAM">
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<xsl:choose>
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<xsl:when test="@bufferRAM"><xsl:value-of select="@bufferRAM"/></xsl:when>
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<xsl:otherwise>false</xsl:otherwise>
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</xsl:choose>
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</xsl:variable>
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<xsl:variable name="bufferFormat">
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<xsl:choose>
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<xsl:when test="@bufferFormat"><xsl:value-of select="@bufferFormat"/></xsl:when>
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<xsl:otherwise>1bpp</xsl:otherwise>
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</xsl:choose>
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</xsl:variable>
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<xsl:variable name="bufferCols">
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<xsl:choose>
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<xsl:when test="@bufferCols"><xsl:value-of select="@bufferCols"/></xsl:when>
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@ -1120,7 +1132,7 @@
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<xsl:call-template name="component">
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<xsl:with-param name="machine" select="$machine"/>
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<xsl:with-param name="class">video</xsl:with-param>
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<xsl:with-param name="parms">,model:'<xsl:value-of select="$model"/>',mode:<xsl:value-of select="$mode"/>,screenWidth:<xsl:value-of select="$screenWidth"/>,screenHeight:<xsl:value-of select="$screenHeight"/>,screenColor:'<xsl:value-of select="$screenColor"/>',screenRotate:<xsl:value-of select="$screenRotate"/>,bufferAddr:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferAddr"/>,bufferCols:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferCols"/>,bufferRows:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferRows"/>,bufferBits:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferBits"/>,bufferLeft:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferLeft"/>,bufferRotate:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferRotate"/>,memory:<xsl:value-of select="$memory"/>,switches:'<xsl:value-of select="$switches"/>',scale:<xsl:value-of select="$scale"/>,charCols:<xsl:value-of select="$charCols"/>,charRows:<xsl:value-of select="$charRows"/>,fontROM:'<xsl:value-of select="$fontROM"/>',touchScreen:'<xsl:value-of select="$touchScreen"/>',autoLock:<xsl:value-of select="$autoLock"/>,aspectRatio:<xsl:value-of select="$aspectRatio"/>,smoothing:<xsl:value-of select="$smoothing"/>,interruptRate:<xsl:value-of select="$interruptRate"/>,refreshRate:<xsl:value-of select="$refreshRate"/></xsl:with-param>
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<xsl:with-param name="parms">,model:'<xsl:value-of select="$model"/>',mode:<xsl:value-of select="$mode"/>,screenWidth:<xsl:value-of select="$screenWidth"/>,screenHeight:<xsl:value-of select="$screenHeight"/>,screenColor:'<xsl:value-of select="$screenColor"/>',screenRotate:<xsl:value-of select="$screenRotate"/>,bufferAddr:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferAddr"/>,bufferRAM:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferRAM"/>,bufferFormat:'<xsl:value-of select="$bufferFormat"/>',bufferCols:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferCols"/>,bufferRows:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferRows"/>,bufferBits:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferBits"/>,bufferLeft:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferLeft"/>,bufferRotate:<xsl:value-of select="$bufferRotate"/>,memory:<xsl:value-of select="$memory"/>,switches:'<xsl:value-of select="$switches"/>',scale:<xsl:value-of select="$scale"/>,charCols:<xsl:value-of select="$charCols"/>,charRows:<xsl:value-of select="$charRows"/>,fontROM:'<xsl:value-of select="$fontROM"/>',touchScreen:'<xsl:value-of select="$touchScreen"/>',autoLock:<xsl:value-of select="$autoLock"/>,aspectRatio:<xsl:value-of select="$aspectRatio"/>,smoothing:<xsl:value-of select="$smoothing"/>,interruptRate:<xsl:value-of select="$interruptRate"/>,refreshRate:<xsl:value-of select="$refreshRate"/></xsl:with-param>
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</xsl:call-template>
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</xsl:template>
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@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ permalink: /pubs/
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Publication Archive
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---
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[PC Publications](pc/):
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[PC Publications](/pubs/pc/):
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* [CPU Documents](/pubs/pc/reference/intel/)
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* [Datasheets](/pubs/pc/datasheets/)
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@ -16,12 +16,16 @@ Publication Archive
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* [Reference Manuals](/pubs/pc/reference/)
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* [Software User and Development Guides](/pubs/pc/software/) (eg, [DOS](/pubs/pc/software/dos/), [OS/2](/pubs/pc/software/os2/), [Windows](/pubs/pc/software/windows/))
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Ohio Scientific's 6502-based [Challenger 1P Publications](c1p/):
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Ohio Scientific's 6502-based [Challenger 1P Publications](/pubs/c1p/):
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* [Datasheets](/pubs/c1p/datasheets/)
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* [Programming Guides/Samples](/pubs/c1p/programming/)
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* [Reference Manuals](/pubs/c1p/techref/)
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[Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) Publications](/pubs/dec/):
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* [VT100](/pubs/dec/vt100/)
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[<img src="http://archive.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/datasheets/thumbs/8088-CPU.jpg" width="200" height="260" alt= "8088 CPU"/>](pc/datasheets/)
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[<img src="http://archive.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/magazines/byte/BYTE-1975-11/thumbs/BYTE-1975-11 1.jpeg" width="200" height="260" alt= "Byte Magazine"/>](pc/magazines/byte/)
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[<img src="http://archive.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/magazines/msj/MSJ-1986-10/thumbs/MSJ-1986-10 1.jpeg" width="200" height="260" alt= "Microsoft Systems Journal"/>](pc/magazines/msj/)
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11
pubs/c1p/README.md
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11
pubs/c1p/README.md
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
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---
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layout: page
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title: Challenger 1P Publications
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permalink: /pubs/c1p/
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---
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Challenger 1P Publications
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--------------------------
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* [Data Sheets](datasheets/)
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* [Technical Reference Manuals](techref/)
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10
pubs/dec/README.md
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10
pubs/dec/README.md
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
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---
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layout: page
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title: Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) Publications
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permalink: /pubs/dec/
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---
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Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) Publications
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------------------------------------------------
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* [VT100](vt100/)
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19
pubs/dec/vt100/README.md
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19
pubs/dec/vt100/README.md
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---
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layout: page
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title: VT100 Publications
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permalink: /pubs/dec/vt100/
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---
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VT100 Publications
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------------------
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* Technical Manuals ([September 1980](http://www.vt100.net/docs/vt100-tm/ek-vt100-tm-002.pdf), [July 1982](http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/dec/terminal/vt100/EK-VT100-TM-003_VT100_Technical_Manual_Jul82.pdf))
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* User Guides ([August 1978](http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/dec/terminal/vt100/EK-VT100-UG-001_VT100_User_Guide_Aug78.pdf), [January 1979](http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/dec/terminal/vt100/EK-VT100-UG-002_VT100_User_Guide_Jan79.pdf))
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* Field Maintenance Guides ([March 1980](http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/dec/terminal/vt100/MP00633_VT100_Mar80.pdf), [February 1982](http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/dec/terminal/vt100/MP00633_VT100_Schematic_Feb82.pdf))
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Additional Resources
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--------------------
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* [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VT100)
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* [vt100.net](http://www.vt100.net/docs/)
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* [Retrochallenge 2014](http://vt100romhax.tumblr.com/) by [Adam Mayer](https://github.com/phooky)
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