diff --git a/_posts/2017-03-24-stepping-through-pdp-10-diagnostics.md b/_posts/2017-03-24-stepping-through-pdp-10-diagnostics.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5a6590bfc --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2017-03-24-stepping-through-pdp-10-diagnostics.md @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ +--- +layout: post +title: Stepping Through PDP-10 Diagnostics +date: 2017-03-24 22:00:00 +permalink: /blog/2017/03/24/ +machines: + - id: testka10 + type: pdp10 + config: /devices/pdp10/machine/ka10/test/debugger/machine.xml + debugger: true + commands: a 30724 /apps/pdp10/diags/klad/dakaa/DAKAA.MAC +--- + +Now that the PDPjs MACRO-10 Mini-Assembler is [limping along](/blog/2017/03/21/), it's time to start assembling some +of DEC's PDP-10 "Basic Instruction" diagnostics and loading them into a test machine. + +The first diagnostic I tried was [KA10 Basic Instruction Diagnostic #1 (MAINDEC-10-DAKAA-B-D)](/apps/pdp10/diags/klad/dakaa/), +which has been loaded into the machine below. + +{% include machine.html id="testka10" %} + +Here were the results of my first run attempt: + + >> a 30724 /apps/pdp10/diags/klad/dakaa/DAKAA.MAC + starting PCjs MACRO-10 Mini-Assembler... + loading DAKAA.MAC + CPU will not be auto-started (click Run to start) + 2844 words loaded at 030724-036357 + 00=000000000000 01=000000000000 02=000000000000 03=000000000000 + 04=000000000000 05=000000000000 06=000000000000 07=000000000000 + 10=000000000000 11=000000000000 12=000000000000 13=000000000000 + 14=000000000000 15=000000000000 16=000000000000 17=000000000000 + PC=030724 RA=00000000 EA=000000 C0=0 C1=0 OV=0 ND=0 PD=0 + 030724: 254000 030741 JRST 30741 + >> g + running + undefined opcode: 000000 + stopped (1698 instructions, 1697 cycles, 14 ms, 121214 hz) + 00=000000000000 01=000000000000 02=777777777777 03=000000000000 + 04=777777777777 05=000000000000 06=000000000000 07=777777777777 + 10=777777777777 11=000000000000 12=000000000000 13=000000000000 + 14=000000000000 15=000000000000 16=000000000000 17=000000000000 + PC=035057 RA=00000000 EA=000000 C0=0 C1=0 OV=0 ND=0 PD=0 + 035057: 000000 000000 UUO 0,0 + >> dh + 035044: 444000 036353 EQV 0,36353 ;history=10 + 035045: 332000 000000 SKIPE 0,0 ;history=9 + 035047: 324000 035050 JUMPA 0,35050 ;history=8 + 035050: 200000 036354 MOVE 0,36354 ;history=7 + 035051: 404000 036355 AND 0,36355 ;history=6 + 035052: 444000 036356 EQV 0,36356 ;history=5 + 035053: 444000 036357 EQV 0,36357 ;history=4 + 035054: 332000 000000 SKIPE 0,0 ;history=3 + 035056: 324000 035057 JUMPA 0,35057 ;history=2 + 035057: 000000 000000 UUO 0,0 ;history=1 + +Happily, this was a good outcome, because 035057 is the end of the test. If you look at the diagnostic's +[listing file](/apps/pdp10/diags/klad/dakaa/DAKAA.LST.txt), this is what you would normally see at address 035057: + + 035057 254 00 0 00 030057 ENDXX: JRST BEGEND ;LOOP PROGRAM + +Next, I tried [KA10 Basic Instruction Diagnostic #4 (MAINDEC-10-DAKAD-B-D)](/apps/pdp10/diags/klad/dakad/): + + >> a 30724 /apps/pdp10/diags/klad/dakad/DAKAD.MAC + starting PCjs MACRO-10 Mini-Assembler... + loading DAKAD.MAC + 1986 words loaded at 030724-034625 + 00=000000000000 01=000000000000 02=777777777777 03=000000000000 + 04=777777777777 05=000000000000 06=000000000000 07=777777777777 + 10=777777777777 11=000000000000 12=000000000000 13=000000000000 + 14=000000000000 15=000000000000 16=000000000000 17=000000000000 + PC=030724 RA=00000000 EA=000000 C0=0 C1=0 OV=0 ND=0 PD=0 + 030724: 254000 030741 JRST 30741 + >> g + running + stopped (450 instructions, 449 cycles, 8 ms, 56125 hz) + 00=000000000017 01=400000000000 02=000000000001 03=400000000000 + 04=000004000004 05=000005000005 06=000006000006 07=000007000007 + 10=000010000010 11=000011000011 12=000012000012 13=000013000013 + 14=000014000014 15=000015000015 16=000016000016 17=000017000017 + PC=032007 RA=00032007 EA=032007 C0=0 C1=0 OV=0 ND=0 PD=0 + 032007: 324000 032010 JUMPA 0,32010 + >> dh + 031774: 201100 000001 MOVEI 2,1 ;history=10 + 031775: 200142 000000 MOVE 3,0(2) ;history=9 + 031776: 312140 034461 CAME 3,34461 ;history=8 + 032000: 324000 032001 JUMPA 0,32001 ;history=7 + 032001: 476000 000003 SETOM 0,3 ;history=6 + 032002: 205040 400000 MOVSI 1,400000 ;history=5 + 032003: 201100 000001 MOVEI 2,1 ;history=4 + 032004: 200142 000000 MOVE 3,0(2) ;history=3 + 032005: 312140 034462 CAME 3,34462 ;history=2 + 032006: 254200 032007 HALT 32007 ;history=1 + +This looked less good. Both AC3 and memory location 34462 contained 400000000000, so the CAME ("Compare AC with Memory +and Skip if Equal") instruction should have "skipped" the HALT, but it didn't. Thus was due to a bug in the +[cpuops.js](/modules/pdp10/lib/cpuops.js) *CMP()* function: + +```javascript +/** + * CMP(dst, src) + * + * Performs the SIGNED comparison (CMP) of two 36-bit operands. + * + * @param {number} dst (36-bit value) + * @param {number} src (36-bit value) + * @return {number} (dst - src) + */ +PDP10.CMP = function(dst, src) +{ + return (dst < PDP10.INT_LIMIT? dst : dst - PDP10.WORD_LIMIT) - (src < PDP10.INT_LIMIT? src : src - PDP10.INT_LIMIT); +}; +``` + +And here's the correction: + +```javascript + return (dst < PDP10.INT_LIMIT? dst : dst - PDP10.WORD_LIMIT) - (src < PDP10.INT_LIMIT? src : src - PDP10.WORD_LIMIT); +``` + +After fixing that and trying again, the diagnostic got a bit farther: + + >> g + running + stopped (1119 instructions, 1118 cycles, 12 ms, 93167 hz) + 00=000001000001 01=000000000000 02=000000000002 03=000000000003 + 04=000000000004 05=000000000005 06=000000000006 07=000000000007 + 10=000000000010 11=000000000011 12=000000000012 13=000000000013 + 14=000000000014 15=000000000015 16=000000000016 17=000000777723 + PC=033446 RA=00033446 EA=033446 C0=0 C1=0 OV=0 ND=0 PD=0 + 033446: 324000 033447 JUMPA 0,33447 + >> dh + 033432: 253000 033434 AOBJN 0,33434 ;history=10 + 033434: 324000 033435 JUMPA 0,33435 ;history=9 + 033435: 200000 034573 MOVE 0,34573 ;history=8 + 033436: 252000 033440 AOBJP 0,33440 ;history=7 + 033437: 334000 000000 SKIPA 0,0 ;history=6 + 033441: 324000 033442 JUMPA 0,33442 ;history=5 + 033442: 474000 000000 SETO 0,0 ;history=4 + 033443: 253000 033444 AOBJN 0,33444 ;history=3 + 033444: 312000 034574 CAME 0,34574 ;history=2 + 033445: 254200 033446 HALT 33446 ;history=1 + +The problem here was that after `SETO 0,0`, AC0 contained 777777777777, so when the AOBJN ("Add One to Both Halves +of AC and Jump if Negative") instruction added 000001000001 to it, the result should have been 000001000000, but +because other another typo, this time in the *opAOBJN()* function: + +```javascript +/** + * opAOBJN(0o253000): Add One to Both Halves of AC and Jump if Negative + * + * From the DEC PDP-10 System Reference Manual (May 1968), p. 2-41: + * + * Add 1000001 [base 8] to AC and place the result back in AC. If the result is less than zero + * (ie if bit 0 is 1, and hence a negative count in the left half has not yet reached zero or a positive + * count has reached 2^17), take the next instruction from location E and continue sequential operation + * from there. + * + * The incrementing of both halves of AC simultaneously is effected by adding 1000001 [base 8]. A count + * of -2 in AC left is therefore increased to zero if 2^18 - 1 is incremented in AC right. + * + * @this {CPUStatePDP10} + * @param {number} op + * @param {number} acc + */ +PDP10.opAOBJN = function(op, acc) +{ + var dst = (this.readWord(acc) + 0o000001000001) % PDP10.WORD_MASK; + this.writeWord(acc, dst); + if (dst >= PDP10.INT_LIMIT) this.setPC(this.regEA); +}; +``` +when `dst` became 0o1000001000000 and exceeded WORD_MASK (0o777777777777), it needed to be mod'ed with WORD_LIMIT (0o1000000000000), +not WORD_MASK, to truncate the value to 36 bits. Here's the corrected line: + +```javascript + var dst = (this.readWord(acc) + 0o000001000001) % PDP10.WORD_LIMIT; +``` + +There are more PDPjs emulation failures in these [Basic Instruction Diagnostics](/apps/pdp10/diags/klad/) from DEC, +but I've run out of time today. To be continued.... + +*[@jeffpar](http://twitter.com/jeffpar)* +*Mar 24, 2017* diff --git a/pubs/pc/magazines/dgn/README.md b/pubs/pc/magazines/dgn/README.md index 39299b2f9..56bd9a2c1 100644 --- a/pubs/pc/magazines/dgn/README.md +++ b/pubs/pc/magazines/dgn/README.md @@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ DosGetNews() will be published every Wednesday and will be full of information o Presentation Manager, future projects, new product discussions, interviews with various personnel and announcements on a variety of departmental activities. +PCjs has unearthed copies of these newsletters below for your historical enjoyment. + +--- + [DosGetNews("May 11, 1988")](1988-05-11/) [DosGetNews("May 18, 1988")](1988-05-18/) [DosGetNews("May 25, 1988")](1988-05-25/)