Replace invalid characters with HTML entities
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James Gregory
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353 changed files with 5091 additions and 5091 deletions
70
32-03.html
70
32-03.html
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@ -39,10 +39,10 @@
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<P><B>LISTING 32.2 L32-2.C</B></P>
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<!-- CODE //-->
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<PRE>
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* Sample program to illustrate VGA line drawing in 360×480
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* Sample program to illustrate VGA line drawing in 360x480
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* 256-color mode.
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*
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* Compiled with Borland C/C++.
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* Compiled with Borland C/C++.
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*
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* Must be linked with Listing 32.1 with a command line like:
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*
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@ -52,17 +52,17 @@
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*/
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#include <dos.h> /* contains geninterrupt */
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#define TEXT_MODE 0×03
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#define BIOS_VIDEO_INT 0×10
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#define TEXT_MODE 0x03
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#define BIOS_VIDEO_INT 0x10
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#define X_MAX 360 /* working screen width */
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#define Y_MAX 480 /* working screen height */
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extern void Draw360×480Dot();
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extern void Set360×480Mode();
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extern void Draw360x480Dot();
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extern void Set360x480Mode();
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/*
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* Draws a line in octant 0 or 3 ( |DeltaX| >= DeltaY ).
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* |DeltaX|+1 points are drawn.
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* |DeltaX|+1 points are drawn.
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*/
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void Octant0(X0, Y0, DeltaX, DeltaY, XDirection, Color)
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unsigned int X0, Y0; /* coordinates of start of the line */
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@ -81,26 +81,26 @@ int Color; /* color in which to draw line */
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ErrorTerm = DeltaYx2 - (int) DeltaX;
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/* Draw the line */
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Draw360×480Dot(X0, Y0, Color); /* draw the first pixel */
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Draw360x480Dot(X0, Y0, Color); /* draw the first pixel */
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while ( DeltaX-- ) {
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/* See if it’s time to advance the Y coordinate */
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/* See if it’s time to advance the Y coordinate */
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if ( ErrorTerm >= 0 ) {
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/* Advance the Y coordinate & adjust the error term
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back down */
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Y0++;
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ErrorTerm += DeltaYx2MinusDeltaXx2;
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Y0++;
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ErrorTerm += DeltaYx2MinusDeltaXx2;
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} else {
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/* Add to the error term */
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ErrorTerm += DeltaYx2;
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ErrorTerm += DeltaYx2;
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}
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X0 += XDirection; /* advance the X coordinate */
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Draw360×480Dot(X0, Y0, Color); /* draw a pixel */
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X0 += XDirection; /* advance the X coordinate */
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Draw360x480Dot(X0, Y0, Color); /* draw a pixel */
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}
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}
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/*
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* Draws a line in octant 1 or 2 ( |DeltaX| < DeltaY ).
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* |DeltaY|+1 points are drawn.
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* |DeltaY|+1 points are drawn.
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*/
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void Octant1(X0, Y0, DeltaX, DeltaY, XDirection, Color)
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unsigned int X0, Y0; /* coordinates of start of the line */
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@ -118,20 +118,20 @@ int Color; /* color in which to draw line */
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DeltaXx2MinusDeltaYx2 = DeltaXx2 - (int) ( DeltaY * 2 );
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ErrorTerm = DeltaXx2 - (int) DeltaY;
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Draw360×480Dot(X0, Y0, Color);/* draw the first pixel */
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Draw360x480Dot(X0, Y0, Color);/* draw the first pixel */
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while ( DeltaY-- ) {
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/* See if it’s time to advance the X coordinate */
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/* See if it’s time to advance the X coordinate */
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if ( ErrorTerm >= 0 ) {
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/* Advance the X coordinate & adjust the error term
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back down */
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X0 += XDirection;
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ErrorTerm += DeltaXx2MinusDeltaYx2;
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X0 += XDirection;
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ErrorTerm += DeltaXx2MinusDeltaYx2;
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} else {
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/* Add to the error term */
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ErrorTerm += DeltaXx2;
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ErrorTerm += DeltaXx2;
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}
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Y0++; /* advance the Y coordinate */
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Draw360×480Dot(X0, Y0,Color); /* draw a pixel */
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Y0++; /* advance the Y coordinate */
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Draw360x480Dot(X0, Y0,Color); /* draw a pixel */
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}
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}
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@ -195,26 +195,26 @@ int XLength, YLength; /* distance from center to edge
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/* Lines from center to top of rectangle */
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WorkingX = XCenter - XLength;
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WorkingY = YCenter - YLength;
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for ( ; WorkingX < ( XCenter + XLength ); WorkingX++ )
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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for ( ; WorkingX < ( XCenter + XLength ); WorkingX++ )
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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/* Lines from center to right of rectangle */
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WorkingX = XCenter + XLength - 1;
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WorkingX = XCenter + XLength - 1;
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WorkingY = YCenter - YLength;
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for ( ; WorkingY < ( YCenter + YLength ); WorkingY++ )
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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for ( ; WorkingY < ( YCenter + YLength ); WorkingY++ )
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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/* Lines from center to bottom of rectangle */
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WorkingX = XCenter + XLength - 1;
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WorkingY = YCenter + YLength - 1;
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WorkingX = XCenter + XLength - 1;
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WorkingY = YCenter + YLength - 1;
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for ( ; WorkingX >= ( XCenter - XLength ); WorkingX-- )
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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/* Lines from center to left of rectangle */
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WorkingX = XCenter - XLength;
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WorkingY = YCenter + YLength - 1;
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WorkingY = YCenter + YLength - 1;
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for ( ; WorkingY >= ( YCenter - YLength ); WorkingY-- )
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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EVGALine(XCenter, YCenter, WorkingX, WorkingY, Color++);
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}
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/*
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@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ void main()
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VectorsUp(X_MAX * 3 / 4, Y_MAX * 3 / 4, X_MAX / 4, Y_MAX / 4, 4);
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/* Wait for the enter key to be pressed */
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scanf(“%c”, &temp);
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scanf(“%c”, &temp);
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/* Back to text mode */
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_AX = TEXT_MODE;
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@ -241,9 +241,9 @@ void main()
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}
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</PRE>
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<!-- END CODE //-->
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<P>The first thing you’ll notice when you run this code is that the speed of 360×480 256-color mode is pretty good, especially considering that most of the program is im-plemented in C.
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<P>The first thing you’ll notice when you run this code is that the speed of 360x480 256-color mode is pretty good, especially considering that most of the program is im-plemented in C.
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</P>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><TD VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="5%"><IMG SRC="images/i.jpg"><TD VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="95%"><SMALL><I>Drawing in 360×480 256-color mode can sometimes actually be faster than in the 16-color modes, because the byte-per-pixel display memory organization of 256-color mode eliminates the need to read display memory before writing to it in order to isolate individual pixels coexisting within a single byte. In addition, 360×480 256-color mode is a variant of Mode X, which we’ll encounter in detail in Chapter 47, and supports all the high-performance features of Mode X.</I></SMALL>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><TD VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="5%"><IMG SRC="images/i.jpg"><TD VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="95%"><SMALL><I>Drawing in 360x480 256-color mode can sometimes actually be faster than in the 16-color modes, because the byte-per-pixel display memory organization of 256-color mode eliminates the need to read display memory before writing to it in order to isolate individual pixels coexisting within a single byte. In addition, 360x480 256-color mode is a variant of Mode X, which we’ll encounter in detail in Chapter 47, and supports all the high-performance features of Mode X.</I></SMALL>
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</TABLE>
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<P><BR></P>
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<CENTER>
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