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<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META name=vsisbn content="1576101746">
<META name=vstitle content="Michael Abrash's Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition">
<META name=vsauthor content="Michael Abrash">
<META name=vspublisher content="The Coriolis Group">
<META name=vspubdate content="07/01/97">
<META name=vscategory content="Web and Software Development: Game Development,Web and Software Development: Graphics and Multimedia Development">
<TITLE>Michael Abrash's Graphics Programming Black Book Special Edition: Sneakers in Space</TITLE>
<!-- HEADER -->
<!-- Empty Reference Subhead -->
<!--ISBN=1576101746//-->
<!--TITLE=Michael Abrash's Graphics Programming Black Book Special Edition//-->
<!--AUTHOR=Michael Abrash//-->
<!--PUBLISHER=The Coriolis Group, Inc.//-->
<!--CHAPTER=51//-->
<!--PAGES=957-960//-->
<!--UNASSIGNED1//-->
<!--UNASSIGNED2//--></HEAD><BODY LINK=#0000FF ALINK=#000099 VLINK=#0000FF BGCOLOR=#FFFFFF>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><A HREF="51-02.html">Previous</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="index.html">Table of Contents</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="51-04.html">Next</A></TD>
</TR>
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<P><BR></P>
<P><B>LISTING 51.1 L51-1.C</B></P>
<!-- CODE //-->
<PRE>
/* 3D animation program to view a cube as it rotates in Mode X. The viewpoint
is fixed at the origin (0,0,0) of world space, looking in the direction of
increasingly negative Z. A right-handed coordinate system is used throughout.
All C code tested with Borland C&#43;&#43; in C compilation mode. */
#include &ltconio.h&gt
#include &ltdos.h&gt
#include &ltmath.h&gt
#include &#147;polygon.h&#148;
#define ROTATION (M_PI / 30.0) /* rotate by 6 degrees at a time */
/* base offset of page to which to draw */
unsigned int CurrentPageBase = 0;
/* Clip rectangle; clips to the screen */
int ClipMinX=0, ClipMinY=0;
int ClipMaxX=SCREEN_WIDTH, ClipMaxY=SCREEN_HEIGHT;
/* Rectangle specifying extent to be erased in each page. */
struct Rect EraseRect[2] = { {0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT},
{0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT} };
static unsigned int PageStartOffsets[2] =
{PAGE0_START_OFFSET,PAGE1_START_OFFSET};
int DisplayedPage, NonDisplayedPage;
/* Transformation from cube&#146;s object space to world space. Initially
set up to perform no rotation and to move the cube into world
space -100 units away from the origin down the Z axis. Given the
viewing point, -100 down the Z axis means 100 units away in the
direction of view. The program dynamically changes both the
translation and the rotation. */
static double CubeWorldXform[4][4] = {
{1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0},
{0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0},
{0.0, 0.0, 1.0, -100.0},
{0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0} };
/* Transformation from world space into view space. Because in this
application the view point is fixed at the origin of world space,
looking down the Z axis in the direction of increasing Z, view space is
identical to world space, and this is the identity matrix. */
static double WorldViewXform[4][4] = {
{1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0},
{0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0},
{0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0},
{0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}
};
/* all vertices in the cube */
static struct Point3 CubeVerts[] = {
{15,15,15,1},{15,15,-15,1},{15,-15,15,1},{15,-15,-15,1},
{-15,15,15,1},{-15,15,-15,1},{-15,-15,15,1},{-15,-15,-15,1}};
/* vertices after transformation */
static struct Point3
XformedCubeVerts[sizeof(CubeVerts)/sizeof(struct Point3)];
/* vertices after projection */
static struct Point3
ProjectedCubeVerts[sizeof(CubeVerts)/sizeof(struct Point3)];
/* vertices in screen coordinates */
static struct Point
ScreenCubeVerts[sizeof(CubeVerts)/sizeof(struct Point3)];
/* vertex indices for individual faces */
static int Face1[] = {1,3,2,0};
static int Face2[] = {5,7,3,1};
static int Face3[] = {4,5,1,0};
static int Face4[] = {3,7,6,2};
static int Face5[] = {5,4,6,7};
static int Face6[] = {0,2,6,4};
/* list of cube faces */
static struct Face CubeFaces[] = {{Face1,4,15},{Face2,4,14},
{Face3,4,12},{Face4,4,11},{Face5,4,10},{Face6,4,9}};
/* master description for cube */
static struct Object Cube = {sizeof(CubeVerts)/sizeof(struct Point3),
CubeVerts, XformedCubeVerts, ProjectedCubeVerts, ScreenCubeVerts,
sizeof(CubeFaces)/sizeof(struct Face), CubeFaces};
void main() {
int Done = 0, RecalcXform = 1;
double WorkingXform[4][4];
union REGS regset;
/* Set up the initial transformation */
Set320x240Mode(); /* set the screen to Mode X */
ShowPage(PageStartOffsets[DisplayedPage = 0]);
/* Keep transforming the cube, drawing it to the undisplayed page,
and flipping the page to show it */
do {
/* Regenerate the object-&gtview transformation and
retransform/project if necessary */
if (RecalcXform) {
ConcatXforms(WorldViewXform, CubeWorldXform, WorkingXform);
/* Transform and project all the vertices in the cube */
XformAndProjectPoints(WorkingXform, &ampCube);
RecalcXform = 0;
}
CurrentPageBase = /* select other page for drawing to */
PageStartOffsets[NonDisplayedPage = DisplayedPage ^ 1];
/* Clear the portion of the non-displayed page that was drawn
to last time, then reset the erase extent */
FillRectangleX(EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Left,
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Top,
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Right,
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Bottom, CurrentPageBase, 0);
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Left =
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Top = 0x7FFF;
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Right =
EraseRect[NonDisplayedPage].Bottom = 0;
/* Draw all visible faces of the cube */
DrawVisibleFaces(&ampCube);
/* Flip to display the page into which we just drew */
ShowPage(PageStartOffsets[DisplayedPage = NonDisplayedPage]);
while (kbhit()) {
switch (getch()) {
case 0x1B: /* Esc to exit */
Done = 1; break;
case &#145;A&#146;: case &#145;a&#146;: /* away (-Z) */
CubeWorldXform[2][3] -= 3.0; RecalcXform = 1; break;
case &#145;T&#146;: /* towards (&#43;Z). Don&#146;t allow to get too */
case &#145;t&#146;: /* close, so Z clipping isn&#146;t needed */
if (CubeWorldXform[2][3] &lt -40.0) {
CubeWorldXform[2][3] &#43;= 3.0;
RecalcXform = 1;
}
break;
case &#145;4&#146;: /* rotate clockwise around Y */
AppendRotationY(CubeWorldXform, -ROTATION);
RecalcXform=1; break;
case &#145;6&#146;: /* rotate counterclockwise around Y */
AppendRotationY(CubeWorldXform, ROTATION);
RecalcXform=1; break;
case &#145;8&#146;: /* rotate clockwise around X */
AppendRotationX(CubeWorldXform, -ROTATION);
RecalcXform=1; break;
case &#145;2&#146;: /* rotate counterclockwise around X */
AppendRotationX(CubeWorldXform, ROTATION);
RecalcXform=1; break;
case 0: /* extended code */
switch (getch()) {
case 0x3B: /* rotate counterclockwise around Z */
AppendRotationZ(CubeWorldXform, ROTATION);
RecalcXform=1; break;
case 0x3C: /* rotate clockwise around Z */
AppendRotationZ(CubeWorldXform, -ROTATION);
RecalcXform=1; break;
case 0x4B: /* left (-X) */
CubeWorldXform[0][3] -= 3.0; RecalcXform=1; break;
case 0x4D: /* right (&#43;X) */
CubeWorldXform[0][3] &#43;= 3.0; RecalcXform=1; break;
case 0x48: /* up (&#43;Y) */
CubeWorldXform[1][3] &#43;= 3.0; RecalcXform=1; break;
case 0x50: /* down (-Y) */
CubeWorldXform[1][3] -= 3.0; RecalcXform=1; break;
default:
break;
}
break;
default: /* any other key to pause */
getch(); break;
}
}
} while (!Done);
/* Return to text mode and exit */
regset.x.ax = 0x0003; /* AL = 3 selects 80x25 text mode */
int86(0x10, &ampregset, &ampregset);
}
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE //-->
<P><BR></P>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><A HREF="51-02.html">Previous</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="index.html">Table of Contents</A></TD>
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</TR>
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</CENTER>
<hr width="90%" size="1" noshade>
<div align="center">
<font face="Verdana,sans-serif" size="1">Graphics Programming Black Book &copy; 2001 Michael Abrash</font>
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