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James Gregory 2013-12-30 15:11:04 +11:00
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<meta name="vspubdate" content="07/01/97" />
<meta name="vscategory" content="Web and Software Development: Game Development,Web and Software Development: Graphics and Multimedia Development" />
<title>Michael Abrash's Graphics Programming Black Book Special Edition: Pushing the 286 and 386</title><!-- HEADER -->
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<title>Michael Abrash's Graphics Programming Black Book Special Edition: Pushing the 286 and 386</title>
<meta name="chapter" content="11" />
<meta name="pages" content="220-222" />
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<p>What can we do about this new, more virulent form of the display adapter cycle-eater? The workaround is the same as it was on the PC: Access display memory as little as you possibly can.</p>
<h4 align="left"><a id="Heading13"></a>New Instructions and Features: The 286</h4>
<h4 align="left" id="Heading13">New Instructions and Features: The 286</h4>
<p>The 286 and 386 offer a number of new instructions. The 286 has a relatively small number of instructions that the 8088 lacks, while the 386 has those instructions and quite a few more, along with new addressing modes and data sizes. We&rsquo;ll discuss the 286 and the 386 separately in this regard.</p>
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<p>A couple of old instructions gain new features on the 286. For one, the 286 version of <b>PUSH</b> is capable of pushing a constant on the stack. For another, the 286 allows all shifts and rotates to be performed for not just 1 bit or the number of bits specified by CL, but for <i>any</i> constant number of bits.</p>
<h4 align="left"><a id="Heading14"></a>New Instructions and Features: The 386</h4>
<h4 align="left" id="Heading14">New Instructions and Features: The 386</h4>
<p>The 386 is somewhat more complex than the 286 regarding new features. Once again, we won&rsquo;t discuss protected mode, which on the 386 comes with the ability to address up to 4 gigabytes per segment and 64 terabytes in all. In real mode (and in virtual-86 mode, which allows the 386 to multitask MS-DOS applications, and which is identical to real mode so far as MS-DOS programs are concerned), programs running on the 386 are still limited to 1 MB of addressable memory and 64K per segment.</p>
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<div align="center">
Graphics Programming Black Book &copy; 2001 Michael Abrash
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